Why did Henry dissolve the monasteries Essays

Why did Henry dissolve the monasteries Essays Why did Henry dissolve the monasteries Paper Why did Henry dissolve the monasteries Paper Essay Topic: History During the late 1530s a significant social, political, economic and religious event took place. This was the dissolution of all the monasteries and convents in England. This was done by first bringing them under government control and then closed down. However it is highly disputed why this was done. The first step towards the dissolution of the monasteries was brought about in 1535 by Cromwell, he set up two offensive programmes. The first being visitations in which his agents would check on the standards of the church and report of any evidence that could be used against the church. The second was Valour Ecclesiasticus, which was a huge survey to examine the wealth of the church. Cromwell soon built up a dossier illustrating the corrupt morals and spiritual laxity of the clergy; these findings were presented before parliament in 1536. These reports combined with Henrys intervention secured the passing of an act to allow the dissolving of the smaller religious houses. These houses and there estates were now the property of the crown, there inmates could either transfer to other houses or join the secular clergy. After several protests a second act was passed in 1539 allowing Henry to claim all the monasteries and by 1540 all the monasteries in England had been dissolved. But why did Henry decided to close the monasteries at all? First of all it should be noted that the dissolution of the monasteries was not an obligatory consequence after the break with Rome. Nor was the split with Rome compulsory in order to close at least some of the monasteries, closure of monasteries had been done in the past in order to redirect resources to other uses. For instance Wolsey in 1518 closed a number of houses to fund his new college. Therefore the mere act of closing monasteries could not mean a move away from Catholicism although this is highly disputed. The dissolution of the monasteries is often viewed as a concerted move towards Protestantism for several reasons. With hindsight this is easy to highlight, as the closure of the monasteries can appear as part of a campaign on the behalf of Protestant supporters to replicate what had already happened in both Germany and Switzerland. It also goes without saying that those who had a further progress towards Protestantism on there minds would obviously see the monasteries as a very important part of the Roman Catholic Church and therefore a threat. As I mentioned earlier, the closure of monasteries however did not necessarily mean a move away from Catholicism and can be looked at as a positive event. The closure of the houses could be viewed as an attempt to stop the abuses that could arise in monasticism and so emphasising the good work continued in the remaining houses. This was the official line that was expressed in the dissolution act of 1536 however this argument carries little weight as by 1540 all the monasteries had been dissolved; therefore it could not be an attempt to reform and is more likely a resolute move towards Protestantism. It is also widely held that the conditions in the church at this time were over exaggerated and abuses and corruption were not common, it is often thought that visitations were rigged and the evidence compiled and presented to parliament was misleading. One of the most supported theories of the dissolution of the monasteries was Henrys need for money. There was no doubt that the church was significantly wealthy. This is supported by plan devised in 1534 but never put into action, it was suggested that bishops should be paid salaries and monasteries would be granted money based on the number of inmates. All income of the church would therefore be taken by the crown. The plan was too radical but it shows that by the 1530s the church was being seen as a potential source of money and by this time it was greatly needed. The value of English money was still falling, the buying power of English coins declined and the kings income stretched less and less far. Both Spain and France were considerably greater, wealthily, catholic powers. The pope could easily ask one to attack England and overthrow Henry. Henry needed ships and coastal defences however he had very little money to pay for them. The monasteries owned vast lands and were extremely affluent. Whether the monasteries were really in a bad state or this was over embellished is unclear but monastic life was now old fashioned and writers such as Erasmus had taught many to be scornful of it. From 1536 to Henrys death over 1. 3 million pounds was made from the dissolution. This figure was likely to be a large factor in Henrys decision to dissolve. It is indubitable that one of the main reasons the dissolution began was due to financial issues, however the question has to be asked whether Henry planned complete termination from the start? The words in the dissolution act of 1536 would seem to deny this. I would assert that Henry began the closure of the lesser monasteries to promote reform and to raise revenue however his greedy personality and his Protestant minister persuaded him to continue with complete dissolution. Professor Scarisbrick would disagree by stating that any plan should be kept secret and the first move should be given the impression of just reform. Reassuring the clergy and winning over their trust with a barrage of promises. Henrys failure to live up to these promises suggested that he had practised what he now preached. However it is still unclear whether Henry was lead to dissolution by Cromwell or whether it was Henry that held the Mens rea.

Hypercorrecting A Well-known Phrase

Hypercorrecting A Well-known Phrase Hypercorrecting A Well-known Phrase Hypercorrecting A Well-known Phrase By Maeve Maddox The phrase all men are created equal has to be one of the best known in the world. Indeed, it’s used so often that it has become a clichà ©. The phrase is, of course, from Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence (1776). It also occurs in Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address (1863). It’s a lovely phrase and I can understand why we like to use it. Lately, however, I’ve been noticing statements like these: Not all charity products are created equally. Not all online content is created equally. . . . not all apps are created equally. Are all IT professionals created equally? Are All Forms Of Niacin Created Equally? I think the â€Å"equally† must find its way into these sentences because the writer unconsciously wants to follow a verb with an adverb. If what the writers of these sentences mean to say is that these things are â€Å"not of equal worth,† then I think they should be writing equal and not equally. Especially if they are intentionally echoing the words of the Declaration of Independence: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. Using the adverb equally places the emphasis on the act of making; using the adjective equal places the emphasis on the quality of the thing that has been created. POSTSCRIPT: In researching this post I discovered the existence of Mum Bett, an American Founding Mother of whom I’d never heard. She should be in the school books along with Sojourner Truth. You can read about her here. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Religious Terms You Should KnowSelect vs. SelectedDouble Possessive

PHILOSOPHY of ADULT WORKFORCE TRAINING Assignment

PHILOSOPHY of ADULT WORKFORCE TRAINING - Assignment Example There is no single theory as of how to apply learning to all adults. In fact, there were various models and sets of assumptions, theories and explanations that created the base for the learning knowledge for adults. In an attempt to document the differences in the ways the learning process is set up, Malcolm Knowles have created a concept of andragony or the art and science of helping adults to learn. He perceived adult learners as those who move from dependency to enhancing self- directedness while one becomes more experienced and can direct and manage one’s learning. Moreover, adult learners draw on their own experience that help them in learning. They are ready to get acquainted with new social and life roles, are motivated to learn by internal and not by the external environments. Knowles also suggested that adult educators were able to set a cooperative atmosphere for their learning in the classroom, identified their specific needs and interests, developed learning object ives that were based on the learning needs and interests (Adult learning theories, n.d.). Besides, Knowles stated that adult learning activities such as roles plays, various scenarios and inquiry- based dialogues challenged adult learners to thinking, they were also active participants of the problem solving exercise and used appropriate technological resources in their learning. All these activities were defined as active adult learning, which Knowles studied in his theory. His Adult Learning Concept reflected similarities in the adult and child classroom, however, adults generally had different motivations that engaged them to learning. This concept have also reflected differences from the traditional teacher- centered models of child and the educational process as it was. What is important in Knowles theory is that instructors should be familiar with it, because it helps to develop effective lessons and deliver knowledge in the most

Disorders Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Disorders - Research Paper Example ebilitating effects rather than for those which are defined through sociological structures that the effects provide a disruption rather than a complete barrier to leading a high quality life. The unfortunate fact about autism at this time is that there is no definitive cause for the condition. With no cause, there is no true medical treatment through pharmaceuticals. There are a series of mainstream theories on the causes of autism that are being researched in order to help to get closer to a cure or prevention of the condition. One of the theories revolves around the introduction of toxic chemicals into the system of the mother while the child is within her womb. The types of chemicals that could be responsible could be as mundane as those found in cleaning products or as seemingly benign as those found in toys, food, or water through heavy metals. These effects could be developed in the womb, or this is some suggestion that they are developed right after birth during the first year.1 There have not been any definitive answers, however, as to whether environmental chemicals conclusively cause autism. Another possible cause of the condition might be a genetic issue. There are many genetic disorders that can be detected through testing, but thus far a genetic connection between children with autistic traits has not been found. While there is no foundation as yet for this theory, the concept that genetics is the primary cause of autism is still considered the most likely causal candidate.2 Other possible causes include mitochondrial problems, prenatal and birth factors, neurological structure anomalies, autoimmune issues, or a neurobiological disorder. One of the biggest problems with the study of autism is that for most of history it was considered a psychiatric problem and was treated as a mental disorder rather than a biological condition. Therefore, the research is relatively new and has not reached its zenith of discovery. The condition was first considered

Sam Houston Book Review Essay Example for Free

Sam Houston Book Review Essay Houston and the American Southwest were written by Randolph B. Campbell. Currently Professor Campbell teaches at University of North Texas in Denton. He has written many other books including Gone to Texas The history of the Lone star state. This is one of my favorite books; Sam Houston had a very interesting life. As a child he was relentless and rebellious. He had little formal education, but loved to read. He eventually tired of Tennessee and ran away. He crossed the river and lived among the Cherokee Indians. While living with the Indians Sam Houston learned a valuable lesson that would soon come to use to him later in life, peace first and war second. He lived among the whites and the Indians for a time. When the War of 1812 broke out Sam did not volunteer to join, he instead wanted to study mathematic but in 1813 he decided against a teaching career and joined the 7th US Infantry where he quickly became third Lieutenant. In the battle of reek War he courageously charged toward a well-guarded Creek fortification. He was wounded with arrows twice in the shoulder and once in the thigh, they won the war. Afterwards he petitioned to remain in the army. Andrew Jackson and Sam became good friends he later appointed him as a Federal Agent, and assigned him the task of removing the Cherokees from Tennessee. He resigned from the army in 1818 at age 25. He became an attorney in a mere six months when he returned to Tennessee. He remained friends with Andrew Jackson and even supported his campaign in 1822-1824 and 1823. He was even elected to the House of Representatives. He was even challenged to a dual, he won and the other person was shot but did survive. In 1827 he campaigned for and won governorship of Tennessee. He married Eliza in 1829, a girl 15 years younger than him, and sadly soon after their union she left Sam and after he went into a voluntary exile. In 1829 he officially became a part of the Cherokee nation, and served as a representative in Washington D. C for them. Sadly during this time Sam Houston became an alcoholic and the Indians even named him â€Å"Big Drunk†. He married and Indian wife, Tiana although he was never formally divorced from Eliza. She refused to return to Texas with him so he left her. He later married Margaret Lea in 1840; this was his third and final wife. She was a great influence on him, convincing him to stop drinking all together. He and Margaret had 8 children, one of which was named after his dear friend Andrew Jackson and he became a Senator for Texas. I think it is so neat to see that no matter where life to Sam Houston, he always remained so committed to Texas. No matter what he always made it back to Texas and fought for it! He was a man of many talents and he held the position of Lieutenant, lawyer, teacher war hero, Congressman, and even President of Texas! He also ran for Governor of Texas in 1857, but due to his unpopular views he was defeated. This book is so interesting to me. I think that this book was written for anyone who wants to know more about the history of Texas and Sam Houston. It is also written for college students. It is a great read. He was once quoted saying â€Å"It is a matter of great satisfaction to me to hope that my children will be in circumstances to receive a good education. Mine was defective and I feel the inconvenience, if not the misfortune of not receiving a classical education. Knowledge is the food of genius, and my son, let no opportunity escape you to treasure up knowledge. He knew the importance of good education and it honestly intrigues me of how intelligent he was and well-rounded despite his lack of one. On his tombstone it reads: A Brave Soldier†¦A Fearless Statesman†¦A Great Orator– a Pure Patriot A Faithful Friend†¦A Loyal Citizen†¦A Devoted Husband and Father†¦A Consistent Christian– an Honest Man. After reading this book I would have to agree with that and I wish we had more people like Sam Houston in government today!

Ancient Egypt Essay example -- essays research papers

The Nile   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Nile river was the most important thing to Ancient Egyptians. The Egyptians were very smart because they were settled near a river. Without the Nile the Egyptians wouldn’t survive, and even now we wouldn’t study their history. The Nile was so important because it gave them water and fertilizer for farming and they believed in a God of the Nile whos name was Osiris The God of The Nile River.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Irrigation along much of the river supported the growth of agricultural products such as cotton, wheat, sorghum, dates, citrus fruits, sugarcane, and various legumes.1† Other local communities fished in the Nile River. â€Å"The first great African civilization developed in the northern Nile Valley in about 5000 BC. Dependent on agriculture, this state, called Egypt, relied on the flooding of the Nile for irrigation and new soils.2†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Nile was their only way of trading and fastest way of transportation. Without the Nile it would take them a long time to go from city to city or trade. Egyptians always depended on the Nile to flood, when the ice from the mountains melted every year there was a flood. The flood from Nile left furtilizer for farming, and when there wasn’t a flood they depended on fishing and trading. Pharaohs   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pharaohs were very important to the Egyptians, they control everything. for every great Pharaoh there wa...

King control Essay

After 400 AD, there was no central power in the West, but a central ecclesiastical power, which claimed primacy from the earliest times. The barbarian invasions and the ensuing anarchy resulted in a tremendous growth in the power of the papacy. With the appearance of strong political powers in Europe, a struggle between the papacy and the kings started to grow. The principal disagreement was the proper distribution of power; the king was believed to be the ruler by divine right. Should the King control church as well, contrary to the belief of pope as vicar of God on earth? It was in these circumstances that, Pope Boniface VII appeared on the religious scene in Europe. As Papacy was congested with internal wrangling of war of succession, it is believed that Pope Benedict VI (973-974) was strangled to death. For Boniface VII, papacy was a secular issue, rather than a divine mission, which had to be acquired by all means. After his accession, with in a month, he was forced to leave the Constantinople, but he did not hesitate to steal a large sum of money from the Vatican treasury. After nine years of exile, he returned with an army to depose his successor Pope John XIV (983-984). All these deeds earned him the name of Antipope. According to historians Boniface VII sitting in Peter’s chair was at the lowest point in the papal history. This decline and corruption in church was visible at the time of Gregory VII accession to the papacy. He laments the unhappy state of the Church in the following words, â€Å"Wherever I turn my eyes–to the west, to the north, or to the south, I find bishops who have obtained their office in irregular ways†. Gregory made efforts to stamp out the Church from major evils, for him the Bishop of Rome was not simply the court of last appeal, but the pope was to govern the universal Church as a vicar of St Peter. The medieval kingdoms were religious states and king as the head of people was the supreme authority in religious, as well as in political matters. The spiritual governance was now in the hands of the bishops and pope, kingship had to be understood differently and new foundations laid for the political authority of the state. The state deprived of its spiritual authority was forced to conceive itself as a corporate body independent of the Church. Gregory knew that the customs prevailing in the Church and society had no foundation in ancient Christian tradition. According to him faithfulness did not mean slavish obedience to the rituals, but faith required deeper understanding of the religion. Gregory began his great work of purifying the Church by a reformation of the clergy and enacted a number of decrees, such as banning the office of sacred orders by payment, baring guilty priests from exercising ministries, and rejection of the clerics who failed to obey these injunctions. These decrees were met with vigorous resistance, but were partially successful. Pope Boniface VII and Gregory VII had the same ambitions, but with different point of views. According to Pope Boniface VII, Church cannot not be separated from the state, there had to be balance for this co-existence. Gregory VII, on the contrary de-sacralized the authority of the king, and separated the spiritual world from politics. As a result, the Church became a sovereign body with its own head, administrative structure, body of law, and courts, which eventually gave rise to the modern state. Source: Ullmann. W (1962), The Growth of Papal Government in the Middle Ages: A Study in the Ideological Relation of Clerical to Lay Power, Methuen London. Catholic Encyclopedia, Pope St. Gregory VII (8 Nov. 2005), http://www. newadvent. org/cathen/06791c. htm

Fan, Ying : Branding the Nation: What Is Being Branded?

Fan, Ying : Branding the nation: What is being branded? Journal of Vacation Marketing Volume 12 Number 1. 2005 p. 4-13 Abstract: The paper by Fan explains what nation branding is. So first the difference between Nation branding and Nation brand is explained. Every Nation has a certain image with or without Nation branding. It examines the concept of nation branding, focusing especially on the question of what is being branded. The paper tries to explain what nation branding is and tries to explain the differences between on the one hand nation branding and product branding and on the other hand nation branding and product- country image. Furthermore it discusses paradoxical issues of nation branding and tries to give a broader context in which nation branding can be applied. But to find out how nation branding could help economic development in a country , more research is needed. It is hard to say how important the role of nation branding really is. Key Words: ation branding, country branding, country-of-origin effect, product- country image, place marketing The author: The paper is written by Ying Fan a senior lecturer at Brunel Business School, Brunel University in London. Dr Fan has held faculty positions at the universities of Lincoln, Hertfordshire and Durham. His research interests surround branding and marketing communications, and cross-cultural management issues. Topic: Branding the nation: What is being branded? The major topic of the paper is what nation branding is and what the purpose of nation branding is. Research question : What is being branded? Is a nation brand a separate entity, or an element in the product brand? What is the direction of the correlation between countries that have produced strong brands and those that are strong brands themselves ? Method : The research method is a literary analysis Material and Structure of the paper: On the first page of his paper contact informations, informations on the author including a photo of Fan are given. An Abstract sums up the Keywords and gives an overview over the article. All in all the paper of Fan is 9 pages long and is structured in the chapters: Introduction What is Nation Branding? What is being branded? Nation branding and product branding Nation brand image and product-country image Paradoxes The broader context For a further understanding Fan gives 3 Tables: Terms used in the literature ; Examples of nation branding where he gives 5 examples and explains what is being branded and a table on Comparison between nation branding and product branding . In his paper Fan makes indirect citations which are listed in the references. Here the references are ordered by appearance in the text not alphabetically. The paper is easy to read and understand, it gives a good overview of the topic nation branding. The structure is easy to follow. The paper is anonymously refereed. Finding of the article : The author points out that there is no single definition on nation branding but gives a working definition for the paper: ‘Nation branding concerns applying branding and marketing communications techniques to promote a nation’s image. Nation branding can be used in different ways: using the nation’s image to promote sales and exports ; place branding which is part of tourism marketing ; political marketing for example the expression â€Å"axis of evil†; Nation branding in it's true sense like Cool Britannia. The author points out that a nation is not a product in the conventional sense . The Nation itself can hardly be changed, the benefits are purely emotional, the Image is complicated and the ownership is unclear. A nation brand is not centered on any specific product, service or cause that can be promoted directly to the customer. But Nation branding concerns a countries whole image, covering political, economic, historical and cultural dimensions. A Nation has not one but multiple images. What image is retrieved depends on the audience , the context and the time. The author finds out that negative national image does not necessarily affect the purchase of products made by that country, by giving the example of Japan and China. The author tries to find out the direction of the correlation between countries that have produced strong brands and those that are strong brands themselves . Nation branding must be distinctive and help the country to position itself against competitors . A difficulty is that an international audience have a different degree of knowledge of a nation and each country has different cultural values, thus decodes the message differently. Nation branding often try to communicate a single image or message to different audiences in different countries . This renders for the author the message meaningless, but to try to be all things to all people will in the opinion of the author inevitably fail . What is the message a nation wants to send, give up a old but unique image in favor of the new image. This can fail like for example â€Å"Cool Britannia† did. Another difficulty in nation branding is that a national identity is very difficult to define. Furthermore in nation branding, an understanding of the customers’ existing perception of the nation is very important. A certain image is made over time. Another important aspect of nation branding is the internal audience. The author points out that Nation branding is just one part of a marketing strategy which is part of the business strategy and that often nation branding is overestimated even if it is a powerful tool. It is for example not sufficient for the country to promote its image enthusiastically to other nations if the economic basis for the nation brand is not there or the political situation is unstable. The image problem of a region or nation most often results from political and socio-economic troubles which must be solved, nation branding will not solve a country’s problems but only serves as the final touch .

College GPA Requirements What Do You Need to Get In

College GPA Requirements What Do You Need to Get In SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips As a high school student, you may bewondering ifyour GPA is high enough to meet the admission standards at your college of choice. Not every college has specific GPA requirements, but it's possible to estimate a cutoff for admission based on statistics from previous classes. In this article, I'll explain howGPA requirements for colleges work and give you the tools to figure out exactly how high your GPA should be to apply successfully to your dream college. Do Many Colleges Have GPA Requirements? There are quite a few colleges that have minimum GPA requirements for applicants. Most of these are suggestions rather than hard limits, but they’re good guidelines to follow if you want to have a strong chance of acceptance. Colleges with minimum GPA requirements tend to be public schools.Since these schools receive larger pools of applicants, it’s much easier for them to sort students by statistics like GPA.The Massachusetts public university system is an example of a group of colleges that imposes minimum GPA requirements on applicants. In this case, students must earn at least a 3.0 weighted GPA for admission. Here are a few additional examples of schools that have minimum GPA requirements: College Name Minimum GPA Requirement University of North Carolina 2.5 (weighted) University of Mississippi 2.0 (unweighted) University of Florida 2.0 (unweighted) Portland State University 3.0 (unweighted) University of Nevada - Reno 3.0 (weighted) Grand Canyon University 3.0 (unweighted) Grand Canyon University Can You Still Get Into a College If You Don't Meet the GPA Requirements? Students who don't meet a college's GPA requirementsare less likely to make it through the initial reviewof applications unless they've done something else outstanding in high school. A college that has minimum GPA requirementsmay admit some students whohave lower grades if they show extreme promise in other areas like athletics, test scores, or extracurricular pursuits. For example, if you're a nationally ranked tennis player and will be a huge asset to the school's team, you could probably get away with a lower GPA than the college requires. This might also apply if you accomplished something unique in high school that not many other students have done, like starting your own successful business. It's possible to circumvent college GPA requirements, but you shouldn’t count on special circumstances to bail you out. Your best bet for admission is to (at the very least) surpass the minimum requirement for admitted students. Don't count on a mutant hybrid of Christian Bale and a hay bale to bail you out either. How High Does Your GPA Have to Be to Get Into College in General? Looking beyond specific schools, you may be wondering how high your GPA should be if you want to end up as a competitive applicant for colleges overall. The national average unweighted GPA for high school students is a 3.0 (a B average), but this is for all students, including those who don’t plan to attend college.Students who do attend college will have slightly higher GPAs on average. If you want a solid chance of getting into a four-year college, the lowest GPA you can get away with is probably around a 2.0 (a C average).Keep in mind that this is only enough for acceptance to the least selective schools in the country, and it’s still risky.For even mildly selective schools (think 60-80 percent acceptance), you should have at least a 3.0 unweighted GPA.Once you start thinking about even more selective colleges (less than 60 percent acceptance), GPA standards are usually around a 3.5 or higher. Notice that I’m specifically talking about unweighted GPAs here.Your school could use weighted GPAs, meaning your GPA would be out of 5.0 instead of 4.0.If this is the case, tread carefully with GPA requirements.A 4.0 weighted GPA and a 4.0 unweighted GPA are not equivalent because a weighted GPA takes course difficulty into account.A 4.0 weighted GPA could mean all Bs in high-level classes or all As in low-level classes while a 4.0 unweighted GPA means all As regardless of class level. If your weighted GPA is higher than a 4.0, that doesn’t mean you’ll be accepted to any college where you apply.Pay attention to your letter grades and your course levels to make sure you’re on track.Challenging yourself in hard classes and earning a few Bs is more impressive to colleges than a transcript full of straight As in courses that were clearly too easy for you. Do your homework while free-climbing a sheer cliff face. It's the only way to show colleges that you're committed. What Are the GPA Requirements for Your College Goals? General statistics are all well and good, but your GPA standards should really be determined by your individual college goals.You may not plan on applying to a college that provides concrete GPA requirements, but you can still estimate what it takes to get into the schools that interest you. The best way to do this is to Google â€Å"[name of college] PrepScholar admission requirements.†The first result should be a link to a page that lists admissions statistics for whatever school you chose.Before you look at the GPA statistics, notice the admissions rate.Any school that has an admission rate below 15% will be a reach no matter what GPA you have, so don’t assume that surpassing the average GPA guarantees you a spot. Let’s use UC Davis as an example.UC Davis has a 41% admission rate.This means it’s probably safe to assume that you have a solid chance of getting in if your GPA is higher than the indicated average.It’s selective, but not in the most selective group of schools (we rate it as â€Å"moderately competitive†).The average GPA at UC Davis is a 3.99 according to the article.That’s almost a perfect 4.0 - but numbers can be deceptive! Since we’re relying on the schools themselves to provide statistics about their average GPAs, the numbers are often skewed high.The 3.99 GPA probably reflects a mixture of weighted and unweighted GPAs. We don’t know for sure whether it’s out of 4.0, 4.5, or 5.0 (or some combination of different scales).This makes things much less clear-cut.There may be some students at UC Davis who had straight A’s throughout high school, but there are probably many others who got As and Bs in high-level classes at high schools that use weighted GPAs.On a weighted GPA scale out of 5.0, someone earning all Bs in high-level classes would still have a 4.0. UC Davis If you see that a school has an average GPA that’s higher than a 3.75, you can assume that you will need to take at least some advancedclasses and earn As and Bs to have a strong chance of being accepted.Unless the school’s admission rate is lower than 20 percent or so, don’t assume that most students have near-perfect grades.At Harvard, for example, the average GPA is a 4.04. This seems only a bit higher than the average at UC Davis, but with a 6 percent admissions rate and an average ACT score of 34, it's clear that Harvard is significantly more competitive. Don’t look at the average GPA as thebe-all-end-all number. It’s more of an estimate since high schools vary so dramatically and colleges calculate GPAs differently. You should also check the actual admissions websites for schools you're interested in to make sure you’re not missing out on any requirements.For University of California schools, the admissions guidelines state that nonresidents (out of state students) should earn at least a 3.4 GPA to be admitted to a UC campus. You will also need to take certain courses to be eligible for admission. UC Davis GPA statistics broken down by range and percent acceptance rate. The majority of admitted students for 2015 had GPAs above a 4.0, which indicates that these numbers are referencing a weighted GPA scale. Source: UC Davis What Should You Do If Your GPA Is too Low for Your School of Choice? If your GPA is lower than average for the schools that interest you, there are a couple of ways you can improve your chances of being accepted. If you're a freshman or sophomore, you still have time left to raise your GPA. Depending on what your specific struggles are, you might try revising your study habits in various ways. Read this article for advice on strategies you can use to improve your grades. If you're already in your junior or senior year, you don't have much (or any) time left to raise your GPA. In this case, you may try to bolster other partsof your application to make up for it. You can often compensate for a slightly below average GPA with higher than average SAT or ACT scores. At UC Davis, the average SAT score is an 1805.This is at the 75th percentile mark for SAT scores nationally, so students in the top 25% of the SAT score range (1800-2400) are most likely to be admitted.A 2100 combined with a 3.6 GPA gives you about the same chances at UC Davis as an 1800 combined with a 4.0 GPA. Beyond standardized test scores, you may also be able to make up for a lower GPA with impressive extracurricular achievements that demonstrate your passions and unique interests. This could include anything from running your own Etsy shop to organizing a Quidditch tournament at your school to building robots in your free time. If you're involved in community service or are a leader of a club, you should highlight these facts on your application. Even if you just had to work a boring part-time job throughout high school, that counts as an extracurricular activity and shows that you are capable of handling real world responsibilities. Make sure your robot doesn't gain sentience and turn against you. The Bottom Line College GPA requirements aren’t everything when it comes to admissions, but they can play a strong role in the decision-making process. To get into any four-year college, your GPA should be at least a 2.0 or higher. If you’re aiming for selective colleges (less than 60% acceptance rate), you should shoot forat least a 3.5. Remember, these estimates aren’t necessarily accurate for every student or every college.Look up admissions requirements for schools that you like to get a better sense of their academic standards.Also, keep in mind that your high school may calculate GPA differently than other schools (especially if it's recorded on a weighted scale).Your 4.0 weighted GPA won’t be as impressive as the 4.0 unweighted GPA of another student at a different high school who took higher level classes than you. Course levels are very important.You can have a GPA that’s slightly lower than a school’s average and still have a chance of getting in if you earned it in by taking the most challengingclasses your high school offers. Always continue to push yourself and work towards higher academic goals if you hope to be admitted to selective colleges. Pay attention to the levels in your application mix. What's Next? Do you have a B average but want to improve even more to get into more selective colleges? Read this article for advice on what you should do based on your current GPA. If you're aiming for the most competitive schools in the country, advanced classes are a must in high school. Find out how many AP classes you should take if you're applying to Ivy League schools. You can also consult this article for general advice on which classes to take in high school. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

5 Points About Parallel Structure

5 Points About Parallel Structure 5 Points About Parallel Structure 5 Points About Parallel Structure By Mark Nichol The following five sentences present various problems with sentence organization. Each is followed by a discussion of the sentence and a revision that addresses the problem. 1. The policy is effective, proportionate, and meets the standards. Effective has the verb is, and standards is supported by meets, but proportionate has no dance partner. It needs the twin of is, or must share the original instance of the verb, as shown here: â€Å"The policy is effective and proportionate and meets the standards.† 2. It was a stated requirement not to further increase but, rather, to reallocate capital. This sentence is not wrong, but it suffers from a delayed keyword. It’s not clear until after the sentence is read that the intention is to counterpoint the idea of increasing capital with the idea of reallocating capital; capital is too far removed from the first word it is intended to be associated with. When capital is located immediately after that first word, the sentence is clearer, and a pronoun can replace the keyword at the end of the sentence: â€Å"It was a stated requirement not to further increase capital but, rather, to reallocate it.† 3. We appreciate your time and contributions to our study. If â€Å"and contributions† is omitted from this sentence, what remains is the ungrammatical â€Å"We appreciate your time to our study.† To clarify that time and contributions are not intended to be strictly parallel, the pronoun your should be repeated in order to produce two distinct clauses, where a repetition of â€Å"we appreciate† is implied after and: â€Å"We appreciate your time and your contributions to our study.† 4. They might be confronted with situations that they may not have experienced before and might test them to their limits. In the simple sentence â€Å"They might be confronted with situations that they may not have experienced before,† that is optional. However, in a more complex statement, it is necessary not once, but twice, to signal that â€Å"they may not have experienced before† and â€Å"might test them to their limits† are parallel phrases: â€Å"They might be confronted with situations that they may not have experienced before and that might test them to their limits.† 5. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the National Credit Union Administration, and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued a joint statement on the new rules. The phrase â€Å"Board of Governors† applies only to the Federal Reserve System, so the first item in this list needs to be set off from the rest (rather, the list needs to be set off from this item) so that no implication that each of the other entities has a board of governors exists: â€Å"The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, as well as the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the National Credit Union Administration, and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, issued a joint statement on the new rules.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Yours faithfully or Yours sincerely?â€Å"As Well As† Does Not Mean â€Å"And†75 Synonyms for â€Å"Hard†

Various marketing strategies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Various marketing strategies - Case Study Example This process starts with a Futuristic Environmental Scan and defines the ideal vision in terms of mission, values and end outcomes that the organization wishes to set for itself. Only after the statement of such Ideal Future a Current State assessment based on SWOT(Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) is taken up to identify the gaps and make marketing strategies to close the gap(s).As a result of subscriber clients adopting this model it was found that clients began developing competitive edge and the organization was much clearer on what their competitive "positioning" in market place was and found themselves moving positively in that direction, to the delight of their customers(Haines,2004).Thus this process leans directly into the process of competitive marketing strategy making as it includes environmental scan both-present and future and enables movement in the desired direction.Types of Competitive Marketing Strategies The generic competitive marketing strategies and their standard objectives have abounded in literature and often include the following: (a) Overall Low-Cost Leadership Marketing Strategy: Its primary object is to find a sustainable cost advantage over rivals, using lower-cost edge as a basis either to under-price rivals and reap market share gains or earn higher profit margin by selling at going price. (b) Broad Differentiation Marketing Strategy: Its primary objective is to incorporate differentiating features that cause buyers to prefer firm's product or service over rival brands. Looking on the obverse side it implies that an organization must..."The airline industry is, by its very nature, a service industry. In a free market, the success or failure of an individual airline is largely dictated by the quality of the service it provides" (Harvard Business School, 1989).Its differentiation strategy began with the immense popularity of The Singapore Girl marketing icon. This icon evoked an awareness of warm Asian hospitality and courtesy's backed this up with its very efficient service standards and already had a winning combination on hand. However it ventured into a fairly elaborate differentiation strategy to address the changed needs of new clientele. This differentiation took the form of: - the introduction of gourmet cuisine in-flight dining with vastly improved servings for economy class passengers as well, - hiring top of the line culinary experts' panel to train chefs and execute quality checks with a future vision to make its in-flight food an industry benchmark, - multi million dollar cabin revamp with first-class cabins coming with an ambience of a mini-suite in a luxurious hotel and details covering the entire distance from custom-built seats to cashmere blankets, - launch of its Frequent Flyer Programme(FFP), KrisFlyer, - as the bulk of SIA clientele are non-Singaporeans specific trainings were organized for SIA crews to enable them to be conversant with and make announcements in the languages of the countries to which they flew.

The basic characteristics of literary journalism Essay

The basic characteristics of literary journalism - Essay Example Chronology refers to the arrangement of scenes or events in order in which they take place in a particular eventful situation from the perspective of journalism. Within this context, it can be deduced that this arrangement can be of two types: scenes or observations. In the scenes, there is a particular sequence or arrangement of carefully arranged scenes because this sequence is highly important as it retains a required level and type of structure which is the base of any particular theme involved in the scenes. A sequence of observations can also be used to describe a particular events leading to a meticulous outcome or other effects. Simultaneously, within this context, both types of chorology have different objectives and outcomes as the entire piece of literary journalistic writing is based on the factual or real-life situations in which a particular arrangement of scenes retains a specific type of chronology. As a result of in-built chronology, the piece of journalistic writing becomes able to create an impression of depicting or portraying reality as if it is happening in front of the reader. In the literary journalism, parallel structures are those storylines in which story have more than one causal chain of events and have two different stories are highlighted simultaneously.It can be said that the use of parallelism can increase the level of suspense and adventure in the story in which a particular perspective or use of chronology can be included to make effective.